Aggressive Behavior of Marine Fishes

The thought of â€Å"survival of the fittest† of Charles Darwin signifies rivalry in the accessible life assets among living life forms. Scientists regularly characterize rivalry as exploitative or scramble rivalry and impedance or resistance rivalry (Reebs, 2008). In exploitative rivalry, the species investigate each alcove in the earth to look for the best specialty, abundant food flexibly or even the best mate.On the other hand, resistance rivalry results when a specific animal groups protect their specialty, food stuffs, posterity, and mate against attacking creatures (Reebs, 2008). With these, creatures demonstrate forceful practices to caution different species or to guard themselves.Hierarchical Social Structure Among FishesChasing and gnawing are generally seen among angles particularly when another one was set in the gathering of fishes in a tank or an aquarium. Forceful practices are appeared by predominant fishes in the gathering until such time that a specific requ est was accomplished inside the gathering where explicit spot for each fish has been characterized (Reebs, 2008).This is called as progressive system among angles for a solitary fish commands different fishes in the gathering. Since angles burn through high effort in battling as well as endure wounds (Reebs, 2008), the accomplishment of concordance inside their gathering through various leveled social structure benefits them all.This wonder is seen among the school of salmonids, eels, centrarchids, catfishes, poeciliids, and different species (Reebs, 2008).In the progression, the prevailing fish will in general breaking point the entrance of subordinate fishes to accessible life assets, for example, food. As ordinarily saw in earthy colored bullhead, salmon, cichlids, and medaka, the predominant fish pursues subordinate fishes from food assets (Reebs, 2008).Thus, they are compelled to involve the fruitless piece of the living space. As an outcome, angles in the lower positions are i nclined to worry because of irritation and menaces of predominant fishes.This stress instigates them to discharge metabolic hormones, as uncovered by blood investigation of subordinate fishes (Reebs, 2008), that may influence then their physiological procedures including development and reproduction.The steadiness of the prevailing status relies upon the sort of fish species. For example, rainbow trout can recollect their progressive spot. Regardless of whether there will be a decrease in the physical quality of the prevailing fish, lower rank angled would not endeavor to exploit and stage an overthrow (Reebs, 2008).On the opposite, catfishes in lower rank frequently search for a chance to depose the predominant fish as it shows shortcoming (Reebs, 2008). In a similar way, as the predominant guys of cichlid watch the rearing zones, subordinate guys consistently search for a chance of importuning females. These trial perceptions demonstrated the social elements among fishes.Territori al Defense and Aggressive BehaviorsIt was seen among Cottus bairdii and Rhinichthysvcataractae that grown-ups used to possess the more profound piece of their natural surroundings while the youthful rummages on the shallow part (Reebs, 2008). This condition not just opens the youthful to the danger of predation yet in addition constrains their food access.Meanwhile, in Betta splendens, the home holding guys will in general showcase progressively forceful conduct during the female laying of eggs and much increasingly after the incubating of eggs (Jaroensutasinee and Jaroensutasinee, 2003). Likewise, dark belt cichlids, Cichlasoma maculicauda, attack egg predators more fiercely than non-egg predators (Reebs, 2008). They for the most part fry the foe at a specific separation before propelling an attack.This territoriality regarding food assets safeguard is successfully done over genuinely little natural surroundings. In the event that food assets are in a huge region, the predominant f ish can barely give proficient assurance, henceforth, prompting non-show of forceful conduct (Reebs, 2008).Trout and salmon have been seen to possess and ensure tremendous territories when food assets are restricted. This implies regional safeguard is missing if the natural needs are appropriated in tremendous zones and if the quantity of interlopers is extraordinary as contrasted and the occupant angles (Reebs, 2008).Mating and Aggressive BehaviorsFish may secure forceful conduct by only simply watching hostility between conspecifics (Clotfelter and Paolino, 2003). The nearness of crowd during fish battle may reason out for the expanded social showcase between battling angles (Doutrelant and McGregor, 2000).In B. splendens, male-battle washouts utilized gill spread to draw in non-witness female while the champ showed to both observer and non-witness females (Herb, Biron, and Kidd, 20030). Subsequent to seeing the two-male wrestle, the female battling fish, B. splendens, invested en ergy all the more regularly with the champ while inability to observe the occasion, the female visited all the more frequently the failure (Doutrelant and McGregor, 2000).Conversely, albeit size-advantage guys of B. splendens species have increasingly possibility of winning male-battle yet the triumphant doesn't influence female inclinations of mate (Jaroensutasinee and Jaroensutasinee, 2001).Dominant guys of swordtails and guppies dig on the bigger piece of their natural surroundings including the residence of the females (Reebs, 2008). Because of predominant prohibition, the sexual exercises of subordinate fishes will in general be suppressed.This procedure of avoidance clears the ways for the subordinate male guppies to suddenly build up a progressively powerful body shading that is increasingly appealing for female guppies, along these lines, recapturing the opportunity for mating (Reebs, 2008).Biological Bases of AggressionAggressive practices among creatures are ordinarily asc ribed to the biochemical capacity of the androgens. Explores uncovered that by androgen decline in various creature male species through mutilation reduced animosity while infusion of hormones to maimed guys caused recaptured hostilities (Desjardins, Hazelden, Van der Kraak, and Balshinea, 2005).Based on the discoveries of the gathering of John Wingfield, animosity can likewise be attributed to physiological causes. They hypothesized through Challenge Hypothesis that forceful experiences among guys of similar species lead to creation of androgens (Desjardins, Hazelden, Van der Kraak, and Balshinea, 2005).Their idea came about to the emersion of a few examinations relating forceful practices with increment in androgen, urinary, plasma, and fecal level.

How to Get the Most Out of a College Essay Service

How to Get the Most Out of a College Essay ServiceA college essay service is a great tool for writing your essay. Writing a college paper is not easy. There are tons of rules, regulations and deadlines to keep up with. Now, that doesn't mean you have to give up and just go to a friend's house to help you out!Fortunately, writing college essays doesn't have to be difficult. All you need is the right information, a good idea and a few tips to make it easier.A good essay can make you look good, or it can make you look like an idiot. It's your choice. No one else can really tell either way. If you just write the essay to yourself, you will probably never know what it was like to have other people read it.Fortunately, there are people who will read over your essay and help you hone it to perfection. They have gone through similar essays and learned how to make them look better every time. Now you can too!You can find a college essay service that will do this for you for a fee. This can co me in the form of a comprehensive guide. Or, you can get a guide which focuses on one specific subject.The best way to look at this is that you should look at it in different ways. Don't worry about how it looks to other people. Just worry about making it look good to you.Another free idea is to use a website that has pictures and allows you to highlight certain things. This way, you won't forget to write about something. When you are writing, you are likely to forget to take out all of the pictures and notes. Finally, a bit of personalization goes a long way when it comes to essay writing. A college essay service can help you here. Instead of all of your writing being completely the same, allow your writing to be personal. It makes it more real and memorable.

The Disobedient Angel Gabriel

Holy messengers from the beginning of time have been appeared to have crucial jobs in the connection among people and God. In various religions, for example, Judaism, Islam, and Christianity, holy messengers are demonstrated to be the orderlies and additionally watchmen of man and envoys of God. The Bible outlines that holy messengers show up more often than not as priests of God will, however they show up, heavenly attendants' normally seem to uncover an anticipated occasion (Briggs). One genuine model on this is the point at which a holy messenger is utilized to convey the uplifting news to Mary about the introduction of Jesus Christ.Through a message of a heavenly attendant, Mary had the option to realize that she will be brought about by the intensity of the Holy Spirit and bring forth the child of God. In spite of the fact that blessed messengers and evil spirits are principally in distinguishable to human vision, craftsmen frequently delineate them as people with wings. Heavenl y attendants are contended to have no sex, hence, most stylish understandings, especially on film, portray holy messengers as gender ambiguous creatures. Scholars on the other hand contend that holy messengers don't have any physical structure and just show their essence by taking human appearance.Angels are likewise said to accept like cherubim who just comes in head frames and has no body by any stretch of the imagination (Kreeft 23). Tasteful translations with strict subjects have differed after some time. The result of human creative mind has spread out to a progressively dreamlike state. From books debilitating the establishments of the Catholic Church to movies concerning heavenly attendants resisting God, and fallen angels supporting people, these translations seem to have propensities near being blasphemic, if not, sinister. In any case, it is essential to examine if such understandings are impressions of individual conviction or exercise of masterful license.The Bible in nu merous records recommend heavenly attendants are errand people of God, their conspicuousness are obviously perused on the birth and restoration of Jesus Christ. The Bible additionally notices of there is a sure radiant division: for the great and the awful blessed messengers. The great blessed messengers much of the time referenced are Michael and Gabriel; malicious holy messengers in the mean time incorporate Apollyon, Satan, and in some record Lucifer, who is accepted to have once begun an ineffective defiance to God (Bamberger 23). In thought to the previously mentioned accounts, it is unavoidable to solicit, would angels be able to resist God?Interpretations of an insubordinate Gabriel have been depicted in films, for example, Constantine and The Prophecy. In spite of the fact that the two are diverse in the way of how the chief heavenly messenger is introduced, the two movies show Gabriel’s apprehension over humankind. The two movies show distinctive articulation of scor n however are comparable in rationale that is displeasure regarding God's affection toward people. There are sure reasons why it has come to resistance and noncompliance of God’s will. In the film Constantine, the hero addresses a lady who passes by the name Gabriel (who happens to be the lead celestial host) who rejects Constantine’s endeavors to accommodate the blessed messenger with God.Gabriel in the movie won't return to God's beauty for the explanation that she trusts God's intrinsic goodness has some egotistical undercurrents. Gabriel is likewise headed to revolt in view of clear jealousy over people, that God gives them salvation easily. In her displeasure, Gabriel promises to taint mankind with hell’s debasement expressing that salvation should just be given to the respectable and brave, and that just occurs in the hour of fiasco and dread. The Prophecy then spins around Gabriel doing each mean important to end the other-worldly stalemate war in heaven. Gabriel's annoyance in the film concerns the way that people have spirits and holy messengers don't, all things considered, people can without much of a stretch getaway condemnation. Gabriel thusly seethes out on humankind by going sensible and endeavoring to catch a dull soul. Simon, one of the great blessed messengers is anyway a couple of strides in front of Gabriel as Simon catches the spirit first and shrouds it in the assemblage of blameless little Mary. Gabrielle then goes up against Simon with respect to the dim soul's whereabouts, however the last just addressed that he shrouded it somewhere.Finally, Gabriel murders Simon by setting him ablaze and tearing his heart out. This is one incredible sin against the desire of God since removing life from somebody is without a doubt culpable and an away from of defiance. The Prophecy and Constantine both upset the harmony among paradise and damnation or great and malevolence since principally, holy messengers and evil spirits can un leash destruction without order from their individual bosses. In another note, the Bible and Christianity is centered around human compliance to the desire of God and not on any unholy affairs.The films likewise invalidate the point of concordance among God and Man, so that God's endowed orderlies on natural issues become the underhanded that they are battling against. Heavenly attendant Gabriel on the two movies shows up as an unsympathetic being, as though he is or was never an envoy of God in any case. Despite the fact that the two delineations of Gabriel fluctuate, in Constantine, Gabriel is gender ambiguous while in The Prophecy, Gabriel is a male. The film has ramifications of obscenity given the extra-scriptural thoughts applied in the movement picture.In Constantine, the blessed messenger takes a human structure; this anyway doesn't go along to any philosophical perspective since Gabriel in the film is genderless. In such manner, in what manner can a heavenly attendant accep ting the figure of a lady be gender ambiguous? Gabriel in Constantine and The Prophecy is additionally undermined by jealousy and haughtiness, essentially on her refusal to return to God's elegance. Aside from the self-evident, Gabriel additionally shows detest for people because of the endowment of salvation. Humankind is made by God to be flawed creatures; henceforth, it is normal for man to sin as a result of such imperfection.Angels should be God's couriers or man's guide. In the Old Testament the articulation â€Å"sons of God† consistently alludes to holy messengers (Job 1:6, 2:1; 38:7). In any case, the film Constantine proposes that Angels can basically go down from paradise and just burst out their flaring feelings on the flawed people. Notwithstanding if the motion pictures' forms of Gabriel are invented or results of wild creative mind it plainly challenges scriptural respect of blessed messengers. The facts demonstrate that the holy book shows the presence of dim holy messengers however for what reason would producers delineate one of God's detachments in such a terrible manner.In the two movies, the portrayal of Gabriel is a decent side effect that human creative mind has crossed its breaking point. Besides, Gabriel, and heavenly attendants for the most part fill in as gatekeepers, on the off chance that they are to be depicted in such a record, at that point there would never again be a requirement for the term evil presences. Since heavenly attendants can turn terrible energetically, and create an uproar on earth, the idea of holy messengers is outperformed by portrayals, for example, the ones in Constantine and the Prophecy. The delineation of Gabriel in Constantine and the Prophecy opposes the very establishment that characterizes the scriptural idea of holy messengers (Donner). Constantine and The prescience are additionally sinister to some extent.Primarily because of the movies' depiction of Satan in Constantine, Satan is separate fr om the ordinary delineation of the demon, however his demonstration in the film is as yet inspired by his defilement. Constantine bestows Satan as an assistant, rather than a fate carrier as he assists Constantine with thwarting his child Mammon from vanquishing and welcoming terrible. The explanation of Satan's guide depends on his insatiability of losing his capacity as the ruler and culprit of all abhorrent. After learning of his child's (Mammon) plot, Satan quickly sets aside all close to home resentment and clashes with Constantine to stop Mammon.In disdain of Satan's thought process, the movie eventually shows Satan as a partner, in this manner giving him a component where he could be adulated. It is impressively confounding for a devil to do such method for helping other people. Since the primary thing to enter in our psyche when we hear the word is Satan is that there is no limit with respect to him to do any great whatsoever. More Satanism ramifications and incitements are in the film Constantine especially in the scene when time halted upon Constantine's second bonus of self destruction, Constantine would have flopped in his demonstration of reclamation without the assistance of Satan.It appears the movie is explaining that Satan has a comparable capacity to that of God. He can likewise make things conceivable as indicated by his own capacity. The Prophecy additionally speaks to Satan in a whimsical way, yet Satan's foe in the film is through Gabriel. The film delineates Satan applying endeavors to spare the world as the hero Thomas attempts to prevent Gabriel from blasting out his scorn of people consequently releasing damnation on the human domain. Satan additionally gives his thoughts on the best way to vanquish Gabriel in his insidious plot of destruction.In The Prophecy, however Satan is driven by a risk, he despite everything helps Thomas. Satan causes Thomas to keep Lucifer from utilizing his arrangement on the grounds that another saintly unr est will release another heck, and that makes two hells. The idea of two hells will upset the parity of good and shrewdness. All the more significantly, Gabriel’s plans will annihilate all creation; his essence on earth is as of now intruding on the human domain, since he has no message to convey. At that point he intends to make a way of pulverization? Why not just make a character dependent on the regular order?It is evident that the creators of the two movies flourish for creativity by thinking about an idea that they believe is unique. In any case, they have neglected to do as such since they demolished the genuine idea of a holy messenger's motivation. They additionally demolished the genuine idea of Satan by giving him an alternate inclination and causing the last to pick a lesser fiendishness. The fallen angel in the Prophecy convinces Thomas to utilize Gabriel’s absence of confidence against him. The explanation given by Gabriel in beginning a war is that God n o longer addresses him, while in Constantine, Gabriel will not accommodate with God since pride and envy.The two clash on their reasons however they despite everything walked out on God. The Prophecy and Constantine is about a war concerning su

Ending a Paragraph with a Conclusion Sentence

Ending a Paragraph with a Conclusion SentenceIn all the literature and discussion you'll find on the use of conclusion sentence examples, there is a common misconception that conclusion sentences are meant to stop the reader before they hit the reader. While this may be an element of sentence structure that has to be taken into consideration in certain situations this isn't what is meant by a conclusion sentence. As long as the speech purpose remains, ending a paragraph with a conclusion sentence will always add clarity to your presentation. This clarity will help you to not only convey what you are saying but also help you to hold the reader's attention.In the final paragraph of your article this sentence will lead into your last point. Without a conclusion you have only one thing left to tell the reader, ending the paragraph with a sentence that ends the point that you are trying to make. If you are writing to finish a sports article, it will help if you end by telling the reader w hy your end point exists. Or if you are writing to finish an article on Vietnam you might end by telling the reader why the Vietnam war was a necessary thing to have.All that is needed is to create a place in the essay to tell the reader why a problem exists and there you have the solution. This is different from starting the essay and telling the reader the solution; when you begin to use the conclusion sentence example you are creating a place for the reader to start and you're telling them why you've decided to offer them the solution. It is not that you are ending the essay but is instead that you have included the conclusion sentence example to take readers from the first sentence of the paragraph to the point you want them to know. That is an excellent way to effectively end the article.The thing to keep in mind with the conclusion sentence example is that you're not telling the reader to change something. You are telling them to take something that you have told them about an d tell them why it is important to you. If you are telling them to change something you have told them about, you may find that you'll lose the reader's attention and fail to reach your goal.Ending a paragraph with a conclusion sentence can help to take readers to the next step in your writing. When you do that your readers will want to continue reading and maybe buy the book or check out the web site you are writing for. Your aim in this case is to tell them what you have told them. The only reason your readers are reading is to know more about you and what you are trying to do with your writing. When you use the conclusion sentence example, you can tell them why they should continue reading.You can use the conclusion sentence example to start or end a paragraph but in either case you are telling the reader what you want them to know and why you want them to continue. When you use this way of ending a paragraph, you may also end up by explaining the main point of the article and th e main benefit of what you want the reader to know. In these situations the conclusion sentence is the same as the opening paragraph or end of the article.The conclusion sentence example is the most popular form of sentence ending to use in articles. In this instance the conclusion sentence will always create a place for you to tell the reader why you wanted to tell them what you did. If you have a purpose for the piece of writing it's always easier to find the reason you are writing it, than to figure out the reader's problem. In this case you can use the conclusion sentence to help you define the purpose of the piece of writing.

Pondering The Policy And Its Principle - 1744 Words

Ben Spalding GOVT 303: The Ancient Tradition Professor Lombardini Due October 5, 2014 at 5:00 PM Pondering the Policy and its Principle Book II of Plato’s Republic focuses on a debate between Glaucon, Adimantus, and Socrates about whether justice is beneficial for â€Å"the sake of whatever is to be got from it in terms of pay-off† (p.43) or if it is to be â€Å"valued both for its own sake and for what it gives rise to† (p.43). Glaucon, arguing this first point, relies on the assumption that humans are primarily driven by greed. As a result, humans believe that â€Å"doing injustice is naturally a good thing and being a victim of it is a bad thing† (p.44) but that â€Å"the badness of having [injustice] done to one outweighs the goodness of doing [injustice]† (p.44). This fear of being wronged leads to the conception of justice through the creation of â€Å"a contract – to ban the doing of injustice, and so being the victim of it as well† (p.45). Justice, by this formulation, is therefore an acquiesced construct, providing an ataraxic average that one â€Å"is content to live with† (p.45) only because it is an alternative to the dichotomy of good and bad that human nature is apt to follow. Furthering his argument against there being an inherent value to acting justly, Glaucon points out that within this described structure, the life of the most unjust person would be preferable to that of the most just person. In order for the most unjust person to survive he would have to be clever enough not to getShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Burial at Thebes Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagesopposite. He has no use for anyone who places private ties above the common good, as he proclaims firmly to the Chorus and the audience as he revels in his victory over Polynices. 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How should we behave when faced with certain circumstances?† Rehabilitation counselors are professionals capable of making judgments, applying their skills and reaching informed decisions in situationsRead MoreLeadership, Entrepreneurship And Strategy For Sure Makes A Great Management875 Words   |  4 Pagesabout international business. In fact global management involve many aspect that do not require a simple preparation in a specific business field, but it rather requires a broad preparation on different fields, such as international laws, commerce policies and people customs just to mention a few. Just less than a century ago, management rules were very different from now, work was mainly composed of manual labor task, this means that a traditional pyramid hierarchy with employees and managers loyallyRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Technology959 Words   |  4 Pagesis preparing to leave our home for her university studies. 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The Struggles of Self Esteem - 662 Words

Self criticism can lead to dissatisfaction with one’s body image and self esteem. Body image distortion is known to be affecting adults and adolescents worldwide. The pursuit for perfection often results in the sense of failure which regularly leads to acts of self harm. These acts can be as common as unhealthy dieting as well as excessive exercising which can build up into life threatening eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and depression are commonly associated with negative body image. Women with eating disorders generally have a harsh time trying to accept themselves that acceptance from other becomes a necessity. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder correlated with the despair weight gain. People with the disorder commonly starve themselves, skip meals entirely, or go on a diet that meets little to none of their nutrition needs. Unnecessary attention to physical appearance often creates body image issues, primarily affecting females. NEDA estimates that up to 10 million females and 1 million males battle with anorexia or bulimia, or both. Anorexia is being diagnosed more frequently and becoming more common to find in children as young as eight. Adolescent girls and women are stormed with photos of women in media that are impractical. These women in media are portrayed unrealistically thin and are often incredibly altered digitally yet are seen as ideal women, which many conceive as a standard. A study found that half of the girls in grades three through sixShow MoreRelatedWomen s Self Esteem And Body Image Struggles1580 Words   |  7 Pagesminds, completely flawless. There’s this stereotype of the white perfect girl having a slim figure, no curves, crystal clear blue eyes, ravishing silky long wavy hair, and sculptured cheekbones. This is the main reason why women have self-esteem and body image struggles. They look around at today’s supermodels and start question their true identity and if they’re enough. 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Self esteem test that determines whether you have a high self-esteem or low self-esteem. The question to be answered however is; what is the value and meaning of self-esteem? The trouble with self-esteem is that not everyone approaches it properly, taking a test or doingRead MoreAll Societies Inequality : An Unfortunate Evil That Has Plagued The Human Race Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagessuffer from mental and/or physical disabilities have faced inequality and discrimination from the beginning. Often times the suffering faced by the disabled communities are overlooked simply because it’s considered â€Å"common† or ‘normal† treatment past struggles are typically overlooked. Religion like Catholicism viewed di sability as a result of sin. Exodus states that a man and women by the name of Adam and Chavva committed sin and as a result their child was born disabled. Also the bible mentions men beingRead MoreSolution for The Problem of Bulimia Nervosa: Family Support Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pageslow self esteem. People do not just wake up one day and choose to be bulimic, it usually starts out with dieting(Gilbert 71). When God created each person; He made them perfect in His sight, when people complain about their bodies it grieves His heart. When people look in the mirror and do not like what they see it can start to lower their self esteem. People who have a low self esteem typically compare themselves to others and if they do not look the same as the other people their self esteem canRead MoreFacebook Can Be Thought Of As Antibiotics1600 Words   |  7 Pagesis a great opportunity for those who may struggle with face to face interactions to develop a strong sense of self and identity formation through their Facebook profile. But what studies are showing is that those who may struggle in real life might not be well enough equipped to do so in the online realm either. A couple factors contributing to an individual’s inability or struggle with interpersonal relationships might be depression and/or low self esteem. Both of these factors are looked at in researchRead MoreDeveloping And Learning Challenge : Self Esteem And Self Concept1506 Words   |  7 Pageslife can be a hard transition, as it forces students to take a walk outside of their comfort zone. As kindergartners struggle with self-esteem and self-concept it is imperative the teacher takes notice, and begins to adapt his or her classroom to better fit each little ones needs. Developing and Learning Challenge: Self Esteem/ Self-Concept Self-esteem and self- concept are both quite evident as students’ progress through out kindergarten. Students are used to â€Å"play-time† as their

Making the Grade at Attain Learning free essay sample

The comparison between Sunderland and Morgan’s on the style of management and works This case puts the emphasize on the conflict between Sunderland and Morgan due to the harsh situation which is Sunderland had to deal with Attain’s Content Director, Mike Morgan, and Sunderland’s most important customers Gramen Equipment Company. Morgan, having a Master’s degree from project management, got a background from the small company for the software making and specialized in lean manufacturing training. When it comes to the management style: Morgan loves more chilling, relaxed and entrepreneur surrounding, but not some kind of the bureaucratic way to manage the enterprise, and he leads his team members to follow his own way. He is portrayed as â€Å"supporter and partner† and his teams appraise him a lot. Like Sunderland, Morgan went straight to Chama, and is on the same level of the organizational hierarchy as Sunderland whose style of management is depicted as â€Å"formal, and efficient, always setting expectations at the outset of a project† she is also criticized for being somewhat inflexible and overly demanding at times. In terms of relations with clients, Sunderland is reportedly â€Å"stubborn in the mud† in her notions to achieve exactly what clients really want . However, her experiences still achieve her expertise and confidence for managing massively, high-profit accounts, and she also has a great strategic mindset and provides insightful critiques, suggestions as well. In the other words , Morgan , roll up his sleeves and pitch in whenever needed, would try his level best to protect and guide his own teams and subordinates in terms of being criticized for their works or be misunderstood by the seniors ; on the flipside, Sunderland is not afraid to speak her mind . She really pushes the entrepreneur to the best products for their clients. However, the downside of her efficiency model is that she is somehow over-persuading her team and without the elasticity for the missions for the clients. Sources of power The conventional definitions of â€Å"Sources of power â€Å" are concerning about deductive logic thinking , the ways of analyzing theories and situations. Morgan, having master degree in management, experience from 3years at a star-up firm which created training software , and as a project manager for 7 years for specializing in lean manufacturing training system , has the abilities to deal with the amount of the difficulties from being the sole content development director in the company. On the other hand, Sunderland, used to be in the position of assistant account executive and joined IBM Solutions as an account executive in their health care and life sciences industrious, has tremendous experiences for building not only her expertise and confidence in managing large, high profit account but her specialists on both business and strategy-making. Hers experience at IBM had been one of well-defined, formal reporting roles and micromanagement. Conflicting between two managers Gramen Equipment is a $3 billion manufacturer and landscaping gears marketer. Attain CEO Nicholas devoted himself on an initial training contract (emphasize on improving the financial sensitiveness of unfinancial employees and managers at Gramen) with Gramen’s first Chief Learning Officer (CLO), Juan Nunez, in 2009. Nicholas and COO Chama expected to the possible improvement chances of extend training at Gramen regarding the success of the initial program, assigned to Account Director Kay Sunderland. As far as Morgan’s first concerns for Gramen’s training program (relating utilize a Gramen acquisition as a case study) was nixed by Nunez, who was adamant that training focused on Gramen’s two top priorities for 2011: increasing inventory turnover and capital utilization. Morgan and his team even spent next two weeks for achieving their new proposal, exploring the account receivable account further in order to satisfy Nunez; however, he was still not convinced and still required they to put more focus on the pre-discussed top priorities. Sunderland, busy with dealing tons of her own clients and devoted nearly all of hers efforts on her own schedule for programs deploying at the first quarter of 2011 , were bothered by the complaining calls and voices mail by Nunez on the ground that Morgan tried to call Nunez so many times for arguing case study stuffs. Nunez tried to persuade Sunderland to deal with Morgan first in that as account manager it seems she was obligated to discussed with Morgan initially and settled everything down but not just received tons of calls from Morgan. The otherwise, Morgan’s actions would jeopardize the good working relationship she had established with Nunez. Worried about it might put dangerous for the good relationship between them, Sunderland tried to deal with this problem as soon as possible because it seems that Morgan’s efforts to contact Nunez was out of bound, not mentioned about as an account director, she had to deal with all client-facing activities. Steps for solving the problem In the first place, the importance of comforting Nunez’s irritated temper can’t be over-emphasized in order to make sure that the good relationship between 2 companies wouldn’t be broke. Second, there is no denying that she should achieve her limit to contact with Morgan immediately and make sure that he is working on developing practical, high-quality training content that would meet to Gramen’s specific objectives for this project, and meet the February 7th deadline. Third, in order to accomplish those stuffs Sunderland must come up with the concepts that whether she could cooperate and work with Morgan whose project team should put all of their focus on the actual content which Nunez really wants. She must realized the question that is that possible for her to work with Morgan without conflicts and peacefully, if not, then she should turn to Chama for favors and assistances. Form Sunderland’s perspective She would definitely be irritated by Morgan’s inappropriate behavior, tons of calls and voice mails to Nunez, and also the responds from Nunez to her in as much as she, being overwhelmed by her own works, nearly had time for dealing the conflicts between Morgan and Nunez. However, As mentioned above, Sunderland doesn’t even know why Morgan was so desperately to contact Gramen. the reason for that was because Morgan was pretty worried about the issue of both core concepts and deadline. Nor did sunderland tried to interpret and understand the main conflicts between them and figure out some ways to solve it, Instead, Sunderland felt such annoying and abrupt for calling Morgan to solve the problem. She should contact with Morgan as soon as possible according to his works schedule or just simply email him or call him; furthermore, explaining the whole situation to Chama seems to be a good option as well. From Morgan’s perspective The reason why he constantly called Nunez is due to he really wanted to discuss about the main theory of the project and the issue of deadlines in order not to press his teams and pursuit the most perfect outcome for such a huge-potential long-term collaborative enterprise in the long run. However, he really violated the regulation of Attain, which made account Director responsible for all client-facing communications. From the perspective of Attain’s rule and hierarchy structures ( the relationship between Sunderland and Morgan) The hierarchy structure of Attain is pretty much the same for them. Morgan and Sunderland are on the same hierarchy level, and they both report and follow the instruction directly to Chama. In accordance with Organizational ranking, Sunderland didn’t even have any right and power to order Morgan due to her wills. She and Morgan are technically coworkers. In the meantime, Sunderland seemed to receiver more power due to Attain’s policy, account director should confront with all the affairs regarding communications between clients and Attain, the thing which caused the ambiguities and conflicts between Morgan and Sunderland because Morgan was the one on charge of all the development and details about the training programs for Gramen, and seemed she didn’t concerned this thing as her business. The recommendations for Sunderland It seems her most important mission was not only keep the good-relationship between Attain and Gramen but also solve the conflicts between at both she and Morgan and Morgan with Nunez. As far as I am concerned she should set up a conference with Morgan and his team immediately to figure out what is exactly going on and what kind of the helps she could attempt to provide. I strongly recommend she don’t report that to Chama until having communicated with Morgan in order to keep the good atmosphere within colleagues. Moreover, this could also help them focus more on the problem-solving strategies related to the Gramen’s training programs, which need to be taken to Chama. She should inform form Morgan for coordinating with her to have the conference with Chama and discuss the Gramen account. By doing so, this will make it less likely that the arguments and conflicts happened between Sunderland and Morgan will be aroused and offer the chances for Chama to make the final decision. Generally speaking, such actions would be regarded as matured, professional, and efficiency in crisis-dealing abilities, and she probably could get trusts from Morgan and Chama by organizing her specialties and Morgan’s together to solve the problems but not just complaining and leaving it rotten without doing anything meaningful. Regarding dealing with Morgan, she should set up meeting with him right after realizing how serious it was and how dangerous this kind of the situation would severely jeopardize the company’s business. Trying to explain and put the emphasis on Morgan’s rule-violated behavior politely and sincerely, she could possibly eliminate the biases inside Morgan’s mind and stop him from calling Nunez again. Not only she should note such behavior is inappropriate but she also should give Morgan the chances to catharsis his frustrations and opinions with Nunez and the Gramen account. After consulting with Morgan, she might know exactly how she could help Morgan to achieve the project within the deadline and cater to client’s needs.

6 Must Have Trifles You Will Buy for Leftover Funds If You Find Someone to Ask ‘Write My Essay for Cheap’

The written assignments are ones of the top detested tasks among all students. As an abundance of demands should be followed if a student wishes to receive a positive grade. It is especially important if a student battles against examination or admission essay. Most students may want to tell somebody help write my essay by the end of a semester. However, the most frequent question that students start asking when the time presses and when there is a necessity to write an essay in the fastest way is: Is it possible to write my essay in the most effective way and within the shortest deadline? We have to admit that it is possible to overcome the great wall of written assignments. Fortunately, there are some ways to get assistance with writing your academic papers. 5 Popular Ways to Cope with Assignments The actual research processes. This is a hard stage. However, a student has to gather all the efforts and starts writing. 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GAUTHIER Surname Meaning and Family History

GAUTHIER Surname Meaning and Family History Gauthier is a surname often given to lumbermen, originating from the Old French gault and Gaelic  gaut, meaning forest. 2) From the germanic elements wald meaning  to govern, and hari, meaning armed. Surname Origin: French Alternate Surname Spellings:  GAUTIE, GAUTHIE, GAUTHIEZ, GOTHIER, GAUTIER, GAULTIER, GAULTHIER, LES GAUTHIER, LE GAUTHIER Famous People with the GAUTHIERSurname David Gauthier  - Canadian-American philosopherThà ©ophile Gautier -  French poet and authorClaude Gauthier  - French-Canadian singer-songwriterMylà ¨ne Jeanne Gautier - French-Canadian singer-songwriter  Mylà ¨ne Farmer Where is the GAUTHIERSurname Most Common? According to surname distribution from Forebears, Gauthier is the 21st most common surname in Canada and the 38th most common surname in France.  WorldNames PublicProfiler  indicates that within Canada, the name is most common in Prince Edward Island, followed by Quebec and the Northeast Territories. In France, the name is most prevalent in central France, with the highest density in the departments of Jura and Loir-et-Cher.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname GAUTHIER Meanings of Common French SurnamesUncover the meaning of your French last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common French surnames. How to Research French AncestryIf you are one of those people who have avoided delving into your French ancestry due to fears that the research would be too difficult, then wait no more! France is a country with excellent genealogical records, and it is very likely that you will be able to trace your French roots back several generations once you understand how and where the records are kept. Gauthier  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Gauthier  family crest or coat of arms for the Gauthier surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. GAUTHIER  Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Gauthier  ancestors around the world. FamilySearch - GAUTHIER  GenealogyExplore over 360,000 results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Gauthier  surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GAUTHIER  Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Gauthier  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - GAUTHIER  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Gauthier. GeneaNet - Gauthier  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Gauthier  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Gauthier  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Gauthier  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

MSc Subsea Engineering and Management Personal Statement

MSc Subsea Engineering and Management - Personal Statement Example My discipline is Civil Engineering and with appreciable grades (Grade standing 2:2). I intend to continue my education in engineering even after my B Engineering. For that purpose, I considered many fields for further education, but seeing the plethora of opportunities and better professional prospect in the field, I decided to pursue further education in Subsea Engineering. Subsea engineering is an emerging field in the 21st century, when demands for energy resources and the concerns for environmental issues have been of the top of the list. As subsea engineering deals with both of the realms, it has seen a substantial surge in the sector. The realm of subsea and subsequently its application is growing day by day. Humans’ curiosity of exploration as well as the thirst for energy resources, both have led to intensive exploration of resources of the sea globally. Booming search for Oil and Gas reservoirs under seabed has open new opportunities for Subsea engineering. Such a rapid expansion in offshore oil and gas exploration has emulated robust demand of engineers specialized in subsea operations. However, there are other sectors also, where Subsea Engineering is applied. Some of these sectors are marine biology, undersea-geology, undersea mining, and offshore wind power industries. Subsea Engineering today is mainly focused on oil and gas sector. With the passage of time, many big names of international repute are now turning their focus on energy reserves in deep beds of the sea. Similarly, research explorations on the environment and geology have also opened new avenues for the discipline of Subsea Engineering. Its high market demand and future prospects have garnered my attention. As an Engineer, I am truly fascinated about the work and life of a subsea engineer that is full of adventures and thrills peculiar to the field of engineering (Harris, 2011). As I was intended to continue my

Bibliography and Discussion Board Answer Assignment

Bibliography and Discussion Board Answer - Assignment Example The focus of this journal is at researchers and clinicians concentrating on enhancing the knowledge base for the diagnosing, medical prognosis and intervention of mental health considerations in adolescents and children. Along with considering the aspects of neuropsychology and neurobiology neglected in other traditional journals. This journal is aimed to assist the integration process of basic sciences, medical research as well as practical application of such findings. According to Scimago Lab (2012), this journal offers a scientifically thorough and generally open forum for cross cultural as well as interdisciplinary interchange of explored information, necessitating pediatrics, psychologists, adolescent and child psychiatrists, neuroscientists, as well as allied disciplines. While contributions are principally from psychiatry, psychology, social work, nursing, medicine, education, law enforcement, anthropology and legislature, CAPMH promotes the pertained lay person and the child focused proponent organizations to add. CAPMH is a peer-reviewed publication that works while following its strict guidelines for the review. The articles are chiefly research oriented while depending upon the author’s thought some are also practitioner oriented. Few articles that I found relating to the different sorts of psychiatric disorders faced by children were providing a comprehensive view of the topic. This journal started its publication in 2007 and since then six of its volumes have been issued publishing 193 articles. The articles of this journal are all accessible completely to various scholarly databases like Pubmed etc. While searching, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry was also noticed as the relevant source of information on the topic. It entails, as mentioned by Elsevier (2012), JAACAP is the authorized periodical of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. It is the one of the leading journals

The Indian Caste System Essay Example for Free

The Indian Caste System Essay The Indian word for caste is jati, which means a large kin-community or descent-group. The word caste comes from the Portuguese casta (breed or race). The Sanskrit word applied to these groupings is varna, which means several things but is often interpreted to signify color. In a verse from the first millennium epic, the Mahabharata, Brigu, the sage explains: The brahmans are fair, the ksatriyas are reddish, the vaisyas yellow and the sudras are black (Huttton). In this essay I look at how the caste system existed in ancient India and how it currently exists in modern India. I will also try and explain how the caste system has evolved from its ancient ways and how it currently functions in modern India: for example, what sort of role it plays in Indias politics and in government policies. I will also give my personal opinion on the Indian caste system. Of the many cultures that flourished in India the literary records of the Indo-Aryan culture are not only the earliest but contain the first mention of the components of the ancient Indian caste. The Indo-Aryan, when they entered India, considered themselves more advanced and more developed than the native aborigines of India. When they (Aryans) came they had mainly three well-defined classes amongst themselves, intermarriage between which must have been rather rare, though not forbidden. These three classes to a great extent worked and functioned the way the caste system functioned but the differences between the three classes was not all that rigidly marked. (Bashm). When the Aryans entered India their first task was to exclude the sudras, a class largely composed of the aborigines, from their (Aryan) religious worship. The lowest caste of the Indian society represented the sudras at that time. The sudras were not allowed to practice religious worship that was developed by the Aryans and they were not allowed to be present in the sacrificial halls of worship. The sudras were further divided into two groups pure or not-excluded (aniravasita) and excluded (niravasita). The latter were quite outside the pale of the Hindu society, and were virtually indistinguishable from the body of the people later to be known as the untouchables. According to the brahman cal textbooks the chief duty of the pure sudra was to wait on the other three classes. He was to eat the  remnants of his masters food, wear his cast-off clothing, and use his old furniture (Bashm). Below the sudras was a group of people called the untouchables. Sometimes they were called the fifth class (pancama), but most historians rejected this term, since they believed that this class of people were so low that they were excluded from the Aryan social order altogether. The untouchables were also known as the candala. According to the ancient Indian law the Candals were to be dressed in the garments of the corpse they had cremated (candals cremated the dead), should eat their food from broken vessels, and should wear only iron ornaments (Bashm). The other three classes at that time were that of the brahmans, ksatriya and the vaisya. There was a sharp distinction between the higher three classes and the sudras. The former were twice born (dvija), once at their natural birth and again at their initiation, when they were invested with the sacred thread and received into the Aryan society (Bashm). This distinction was made on the basis of their varna, or skin color. This type of distinction became even more rigid after the fairer Aryans came into contact with the darker aborigines of India. The brahman was a great divinity in human form. His spiritual power was such that he could destroy the king and his army, if they attempted to infringe on his rights. In law he claimed great privileges, and in every respect he demanded precedence, honor and worship. Often the brahman lived under the patronage of a king, and was provided for by grants of tax-free land, farmed by peasants, who would pay their taxes to the brahman instead of to the king. They performed all the religious sacrifices for the kings and other higher classes for which they were paid and given gifts. No other caste besides the Brahmans could perform religious sacrifices. The brahmans were also considered to be the people between the gods and the mortals. At all times the brahmans supposedly led a truly religious life praying to god and learning the scriptures (Bashm). The second class was the ruling one, the members of which were in the Vedic  period called rajana, and later ksatriya. The theoretical duty of the ksatriya was protection, which included fighting in war and governing in peace. In earlier times he often claimed precedence over the brahman. The kings were considered to be ksatriyas and they could check the power of the Brahman, as the brahmans were supposed to check the power of the ksatriya (Bashm). The third class was that of the vaisya, or the mercantile class, though entitled to the services of the priesthood and to the sacred thread of initiation, but this class was poorer than the brahmans and the ksatriya. The vaisya was sometimes also symbolized as the downtrodden cultivator or a petty merchant who was interested in nothing else but his profit. To understand the functioning of the Indian caste system effectively and simply it will be best if we divide the features of the Hindu society into six major groups: Division in society and how the various castes functioned Castes were groups with well developed lives of their own, and individuals membership to his or her own caste was determined by his birth in that particular caste. The status of a person depended not on his wealth but on the traditional importance of the caste that he had the luck of being born into. Each of the castes was supposed to perform a set of activities and follow a set of rules. Often the set of activities and rules that were assigned to different castes were very different from one another. Each caste had its own panchayat or a governing body. Some of the offences that it dealt with, were : (a) eating, or drinking; (b) seduction of or adultery with a married women; (c) refusal to fulfill the promise of marriage; (d) refusing to send a wife to her husband when old enough; (e) non-payments of debts; (f) petty assaults; (g) insulting a brahman; (h) defying customs. The panchayat was also responsible for sentencing punishments. They also looked after the well being of the individuals of their own caste. Thus, each caste was in a way its own ruler. Hence the members of a caste ceased to be members of the community as a whole. The citizens owned moral allegiance to their caste first, rather than to the community as a whole Dennis, Hutton). Hierarchy As I have earlier mentioned in my paper before hierarchy was a major part of the ancient Indian society. The brahmans were certainly at the top of this hierarchical order followed by the ksatriya, the vaisya and then the sudras. This system of hierarchy was common almost all over India except for a few areas in the south where the artisan caste maintained a struggle for a higher place in the social order and disputed the supremacy of the brahmans (Dennis). Restrictions of Feeding and Social Intercourse There were numerous rules as to what sort of food and drink could be accepted by a person and from what caste. All food was divided into two classes: Kachcha and Pakka. The former was any food in the cooking of which water had been used; and the latter was food cooked in ghi or oil without the addition of water. As a rule, a man would never eat Kachcha food unless it was prepared by a fellow caste man, who in actual practice meant a member of his own endogamous group, or else prepared by his brahmin guru. But a brahmin could accept Kachcha food at the hands of no other caste. As for the Pakka food, a brahmin might take it from the hands of some other castes only. A man of higher caste would not accept Kachcha food from one of the lower. The idea of impurity or pollution was also a very important concept in ancient Indian society. A member of the upper cast could become impure just by the shadow of an untouchable or by his approaching within a certain distance of that member of the upper caste. No Hindu of decent caste would touch a chamar or a dom both of whom were members of the untouchable class. The members of a higher class often restricted the untouchables from using the same wells or the same rivers as theirs since they (untouchables) might pollute the water in the well or the river stream if they accidentally touched it with their hands. In certain areas the untouchables were not allowed to come out of their houses during dawn because their bodies cast too long shadows, which might defile a member of a higher class if it fell on him (Hutton, Dennis). Civil and Religious disabilities and Privileges of the different sections   Different areas in India had different ways of distinguishing between people of different classes. In north India impure castes were segregated and made to live on the outskirts of villages. In some parts of east India the lower castes were given some parts of the cities where they were allowed to live. In other parts of southern India the lower castes were given certain streets on which they could live and they were forbidden to enter certain streets because member of the higher classes lived on those. For example a paraiyan (a caste which came under the shudras) would not be allowed to enter a land or a village that was owned by a brahmin and even a Brahmin would not be allowed to pass through their street. If he happened to enter he would be greeted with cow-dung and water. Also, some of the lower castes were made to drag thorny branches with them to wipe out their footprints and lie at a distance prostrate on the ground if a brahmin passed by, so that the foul shadow might not defile the holy brahmin. Even the schools that were maintained at public cost were practically closed to such impure castes as the chamars and mahars (both of which belonged to the untouchables). The shanars and the izhavas were not allowed to build two story houses because their height might cast a shadow on other houses, bringing bad luck. Under some emperors there were distinctions made between the punishments that were given to a brahmin and a member of the lower caste. The brahmin enjoyed certain privileges that were not enjoyed by any other caste. For example a brahmin could accept gifts and food from a clean sudra. No caste could employ any other priests than the brahmins to perform sacrifices any other religious ceremonies. A brahmin never bowed before any one else, but required others to salute him. A brahmin only could promote a person to a higher caste. A brahmin was considered so important in some kingdoms that he was given special protection by the king (Hutton, Dennis, Bashm). Lack Of Choice of Occupation Generally a caste or a group considered some activities as their hereditary occupation which they thought were right for them and suited their status. Thus a brahmin thought that it was right for him to be a priest and a chamar thought that it was right for him to prepare shoes. This was also true of other occupations such as trading, laboring in  the fields and military service. Also, no caste let a member from the other caste take up their work. Preaching was especially reserved for the brahmins. A person who not brahmin born could not preach and would not be allowed to become a priest. The effect of these rules was that the priestly profession was entirely monopolized by the brahmins, leaving aside the people from the other classes (Hutton). Restrictions on Marriage Most of the groups, whose features I have attempted to characterize had a number of sub-groups, every one of which forbade its members to marry persons from outside their own caste. Each of these groups, popularly known as sub-castes, is thus endogamous. In some parts of India, however, the endogamy system was not that strict and a man from a higher caste was allowed to marry a girl from a lower caste. Except for some exceptional cases like the one mentioned above, inter-caste marriage was extremely limited and each group was expected to marry within their own caste or community. However, if this rule was ever broken, then expulsion from the membership of the group was generally the penalty, which the offending parties had to suffer. Generally expulsion from ones own community was a very major thing since he would not get admission into a higher caste and would have to become a member of a lower caste (Hutton, Dennis). After much discussion about the caste system in ancient India, I feel that I will not do justice to the topic unless I look at its influence in modern India. In the following I will talk about how the caste system works in modern India and how it affects the politics and the policies of modern India. I will conclude by giving my personal opinion on the caste system. The caste system in modern India has been deeply influenced by the mobility that was brought under the British rule; the movement to the cities for higher education and for employment. Lower castes were promoted by certain grants and concessions. The caste system became much less rigid during this time, and the artificial barriers that were set by the brahmans between various castes fell. In addition, all the non-Hindus like the Jains, Christians and Muslims were treated equally. Even the ideas of pollution and  untouchability specially weakened in the cities; even the villages experienced a certain amount of liberalization (Srinivas). However, all this change has been accompanied by a large involvement of caste in administration and policies. Election candidates stand from their castes rather than their respective political parties and get elected on the basis of their caste. Numerically, large castes have become important pressure groups in politics at the District and the State levels. For example a candidate from Maharashtra cannot hope to win elections if he does not allot special deals and packages to the marathas, brahmins, and the mahars (all of these castes are the numerically dominant caste in Maharashtra). The same is true for a candidate standing from Gujrat who will have to promote the interests of the banias, patidars and the kolis; and a candidate from Bihar who would have to promote the bhumihar, kayasth and the rajputs (Srinivas). Modern rural India has been divided into villages and each village has a village leader, who normally is fairly rich and is from a high caste. These village leaders play a very important role in the politics of modern India. Political leaders who stand for elections from their area normally need the help of the village leaders to get the votes of the people of that village and to win elections. In return these village heads can ask the political leaders for loans and grants for their village, which are normally not distributed evenly among the people of that village. Since the village leaders often belong to higher classes, they give most of these loans and grants to the people of the higher class and the people from the lower class get very little of this share. Thus, this results in the higher classes becoming richer and the lower classes becoming poorer. Even the political leaders do not bother to improve their condition till they keep getting their votes and keep winning the elec tions (Srinivas). I will divide my conclusion into two parts. In my first conclusion I will judge the caste system according to all the knowledge I have gained from reading books of various foreign scholars. For my second conclusion, I will talk about the caste system based on my experience and cultural insights. In my first conclusion, I would describe the Indian caste system as a necessary  evil. While it was essential to keep the different parts of the Indian society interconnected and together, I think the way it was followed and implemented was wrong. Every stable and developing society has a hierarchy system with a group of people at the top, some in the middle and then some at the bottom. However, I do not believe it correct for the lowest group to be ill treated and abused, as in the case of the sudras and the untouchables. I believe this where the Indian caste system went wrong. For my second conclusion I would like to propose an argument. We really do not have a lot of information on the caste system to make a judgment about it. Most of the information that we have so far is from 19th century colonialist historians who saw only its surface rigidities and made sweeping generalizations, (condemnatory for the most part), based on too little knowledge and even less experience. They probably did not see this sort of division, as parallel to anything they had in Europe so they could have misunderstood the whole concept altogether. Therefore I dont exactly know what to say about the caste system based on their readings, since we really do not have a lot of information on the caste system to be judgmental about it. Could it be possible that the ancient Indians were not really racists and as I have mentioned did not divide society on the basis of their color. Could it be that they divided their people on the basis of their profession and deeds? The truth of the matter probably lays in the fact that varna, like a lot of Sanskrit words, changed its meaning according to the context it is used in and can denote form, quality, class, category, race, merit or virtue. Whatever be the reality the truth is that the caste system is probably not as apparent in modern India as apparent as it was in the ancient India but I think that the influence that it is now having on Indias politics is disturbing.

Is Mass Media Harming our Society? Essay -- Media Dangers, Internet, TV

In today's society, mass media, including television, radio, and newspaper or magazines have become very dependable sources to so many people. People spend many hours everyday reading about celebrities in the tabloids, watching biased news channels, or participating in violent video games. Even though most media is highly entertaining, people have become so reliant on media that we seem to be harming our community in a very negative fashion. Mass media works as a socializing factor and affects the way we view the world and how we interact with other people. However, the messages that are seen in most of the magazines these days are negative images, especially for the youth of the world. For example, on the front page of popular magazines such as Teen and Cosmopolitan, are celebrities whom are extremely thin and suffer from eating disorders or celebrities who are abusing drugs and alcohol and getting away with it. Both of these situations are extremely popular topics, especially in high school and college, and there is no reason we should be advertising it on the front page of tablo...

Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families

Running head: Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families Marriage, Divorce, and Military Families Marriage is a conduit through which God's grace flows to the couple and their children. The church understands marriage between a man and woman to be a sacrament, a visible sign of the grace that God gives them to help them live their lives here and now so as to be able to join him in eternity. Marriage is social as well as religious, but its religious aspects are very important. The Bible repeatedly compares the relationship between man and wife to that between God and Israel or between Christ and his Church. For marriage is a holy vocation. Since the Church sees marriage as holy, it believes it must be treated with reverence. It also recognizes that marriage is basic to the health of society and therefore a public institution that must be defended against harm. Marriage is a public institution. Consequently, proposals that could harm the institution of marriage must be subjected to the same sort of objective analysis that we give any public policy question. Marriage is not just a private matter of emotion between two people. On the contrary, its success or failure has measurable impact on all of society. Rational analysis yields solid, objective reasons for limiting marriage to one man and one woman-reason anyone can agree with on purely secular grounds (Zinn, B. M. , D. Eitzen, S. , Wells, B. , 2008). However, one of the downsides to redefining marriage would be the weakening of the meaning of marriage, which would be divorces. Human nature being what it is, if the meaning of marriage is weakened, it will be psychologically easier for even more people to divorce. Look at what happened when â€Å"no-fault† divorce was legalized. The divorce rate skyrocketed. If the nature of marriage is further undermined in the minds of couples then when things get rocky, more couples will be tempted not to work through their problems and get happy again but rather to divorce and find someone else (Hogan,  P. ,  ,  R. ,  2010). That is a bad idea, because most marriage therapists agree that divorce generally â€Å"doesn't work. † Divorce doesn't solve the problems that caused the first marriage to break up. Divorced people bring the same problems to their new marriages that broke up their old ones. That's why second and later arriages are statistically far more likely to end in divorce than first marriages are. Also, a large majority of couples who contemplate divorce but stay together describe themselves as â€Å"happily married† five years later. So staying together â€Å"works† better than divorce. The Romans had an interesting view towards marriage – ‘matrimonia debent esse libera’ or ‘marriages ought to be free’. This meant that either spouse could opt out of the marriage if things weren’t working out for them. Centuries later, Victorian England had a vastly different view (Bouvier, 1856). People got married and stayed together for better or for worse. Society frowned on divorce and divorced people were likely to find themselves social pariahs. In the present century, both these views prevail. It depends on which part of the planet you live in and in what kind of culture. â€Å"Divorce rates are higher in European or American countries, where individual freedom is given higher stress, than in, say, Asian or African ones, where familial and social opinions cause higher stress. With globalization, of course, the ‘backward’ countries are catching up. Women, especially, with access to higher education and higher salaries, are less willing to put up with traditional roles and expectations† (Devine). Social and cultural moralists are having a field day, predicting, like always, dire consequences for the ‘social fabric’. No, divorce isn’t joy-inducing, but then neither is a corrosive marriage. In such a case, splitting up is preferable to staying together ‘for the children’ or to keep up social appearances. Anyway, it all really depends upon the kind of relationship you have. Some relationships are worth working on, some aren’t. There are many different and complex causes and reasons for divorce, each of them specific to that particular couple’s marital relationship, their individual experiences and personal problems. None of them may seem ‘common’ to the people going through a divorce, of course, but many of the reasons recur enough to warrant the term. These causes for divorce may vary from the lack of commitment to the marriage to the lack of communication between spouses; infidelity; abandonment; Physical, sexual, or even Substance Abuse, etc. Furthermore, it takes a very special person to stand and accept that the rest of their lives are devoted to something larger than themselves and their own little worlds. It takes an incredible commitment and an enduring love to withstand a life supporting someone else who may not be there by their beside on days when you are feeling blue, and who may not hold you in those times when the life around you is not so sweet. Now, marriage is hard enough, there are times when all husbands and wives question the sanity of a relationship that requires such hard work. Couples get through this by being together and keeping at it as a team. Sadly, many military relationships do not have this luxury of being together to keep things on track. This is when the military husband or wife just has to sort through â€Å"couple issues† alone (Rentz et al, 2007). Only the strongest committed individual can carry the weight of two in a relationship, and it takes a strong intimate trusting bond to make it at all possible. The military eases the lives of service members and their families in some very significant ways. Paychecks are regular. Benefits, such as healthcare and legal assistance, are unparalleled in the civilian world. And, in a time of economic uncertainty, the job security provided by the armed forces is a true blessing (Rentz et al, 2007). However, every positive aspect of military life is matched by at least one negative, especially for married service members and their families. Military and civilian marriages face the same marriage-stressors and marriage-killers, but the challenges faced by military marriages are both compounded and additional (Banner, 2008). Danielle Rentz and associates argues that the impact and stress of war may occur before, during, and after deployment and extend beyond the military soldier to include stress and emotional disturbance for his or her family. Anticipation of deployment can lead to feelings of anger, resentment, and hurt within the family. Separation during deployment may create the assumption of new family roles by the partner left behind, disruption of family routines, uncertainty about the service member’s safety, and the inability to plan for the future (Rentz et al, 2007). They base their discussion on the research and studies on the Effect of Deployment on the Occurrence of Child Maltreatment in Military. Betty Myers writes a testimony of her days married to a military man and unravels a story from past that lead to divorce. Her story is yet another cause for divorce within a military family. The stress of war and unknowing of what occurs to a spouse takes a toll on a marriage. This is a testimony of her personal experience and this will assist my paper for the causes of divorce (Myers, 1988). Bennington Banner analyzes the statistical data of military divorce rate in every branch of the Arm Forces. He states that the long and repeated deployments required of many troops have been widely blamed for unprecedented stresses on military couples. Spouses at home must manage families and households without their partner. He concluded that there were an estimated 10,200 failed marriages in the active duty Army and 3,077 among Marines, according to figures obtained by The Associated Press for the budget year ended Sept. 30. His data can help me prove the point that the numbers of divorce in the Arm Forces are staggering (Banner, 2008). Joseph Devine explains that military marriages undergo a very specific set of strains. They face the possibility of sudden moves to far-off locales, rapid deployments, and even premature death. He stated â€Å"when you're married to someone in the military, it's often like you're married to the military itself† (Devine). Your life revolves around what the military wants from you and your spouse, and there's not a whole lot you can do about it. In summary, the ways in which each military marriage survives are all personal and unique to their own, but the emotional journey is one that can really be understood only by another military spouse (Hogan,  P. ,  ,  R. ,  2010). The one thing all military spouses have in common with each other is their ultimate pride in their husbands and wives, and to survive the journey as a military spouse, their shared pride of place alongside their incredible military husbands and wives. While military marriages are an entity of their own, the non-military couples could learn many things from them. The special goodbyes for instance are important. A military husband or wife knows the value of not leaving issues unresolved, and has learned the art of letting the silly things go (Hogan,  P. ,  ,  R. ,  2010). They do not have until the afternoon, or the next day or the day after that to get over it, they are too aware that tomorrow is unpredictable. A military marriage does not have the time to wallow in unimportant debate. The most important thing to them is to be sure to let the one they love know that they are appreciated. Petty unimportant arguments have a way of clouding the unconditional love that holds a marriage together. References Banner, B. Divorce rate up in Army, Marine Corps. (2008,  December  3). Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Newsstand. (Document ID:  1606239161). Bouvier, J. (1856). Matrimonia debent esse libera. (n. d. ) A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States. Retrieved April 27 2010 from http://legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Matrimonia+debent+esse+libera Devine, J. Divorce and the Military. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Divorce- and-the-Military=3605202 Hogan,  P. ,  ,  R.. (2010). Marriage and the Military: Evidence That Those Who Serve Marry Earlier and Divorce Earlier. Armed Forces and Society,  36(3),  420. Retrieved May 4, 2010, from Career and Technical Education. (Document ID:  2002732321). Myers, B. (1988). Story Of A Thrown-Away Military Wife. Minerva,  VI(2),  77. Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document ID:  624746591). Rentz, E. D. ,  Marshall, W. S. ,  Loomis, D, Casteel, C. , Martin, S. L. ,   Gibbs, D. A. (2007). Effect of Deployment on the Occurrence of Child Maltreatment in Military and Nonmilitary Families. American Journal of Epidemiology,  165(10),  1199-206. Retrieved February 3, 2010, from ProQuest Health and Medical Complete. (Document ID:  1268687131). Zinn, B. M. , D. Eitzen, S. , Wells, B. , (2008). Divorce and Remarriage. (Ed. 8) Diversity of Families (pp. 393- 410). Prentice Hall

The Male Sex Is Portrayed As More Valuable Than Female Sex

Throughout American history and culture, the male sex is portrayed as more valuable than the female sex. In other words, superior. When you look at the greatest influential leaders, entrepreneurs, politicians, musicians; most of them are men. When you look at the workplace, almost every industry is dominated by males. Sports is also a field mostly dominated by men. The question is why? Many people believe it is because males are physically, mentally, and emotionally more powerful than females which make them more superior. However, many feminists argue that women are superior to men but they never had enough time to prove it. The physical and psychological differences between the two sexes formed two different social roles. However, gender socialization and stereotypes prevented American women from being able to prove of being equal to men if not better. It was natural that masculine power and domination established itself in these new forms of society. Men are physically and psychologically more aggressive than women which is why since the beginning of time males were the dominant sex. When it comes to physicality, men are generally stronger than women. According to AZ Central Magazine, males have approximately 40% muscle mass and women have approximately 30%. The magazine also states that most of the man’s muscle mass is distributed to the upper body while most of the woman’s muscle mass is in the lower body. This means that since the beginning of humanity, men were moreShow MoreRelatedHysteria, Not Only Oppressed Female Social Upliftment1566 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 19th century, Hysteria, not only oppressed female social upliftment but it, led to a misconception of the sexual health of females. This misconception, as well as its unravelling was heavily influenced by the developments of Western medicine. 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